Lopimune, Kaletra, Aluvia (Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets) used

Lopimune, Kaletra, Aluvia (Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets) are a fixed dose combination treatment for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in adults over and children over 6 months. Lopimune, Kaletra, Aluvia (Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets) are used in combination with other medications that have a different mechanism of action to the components in Lopimune, Kaletra, Aluvia (Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets), and are used to treat patients with HIV infection who have either already received treatment with other medications for HIV or as first line therapy for treatment-inexperienced patients. HIV impairs the immune system by attacking specific immune cells called CD4+ cells that are involved in fighting infection and this can lead to opportunistic life-threatening infection (infections that would not normally be harmful); also if too many CD4+ cells are destroyed this can result in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Lopimune, Kaletra, Aluvia (Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets) prevent or slow down the ability of HIV to replicate and spread, which keeps the amount virus down to a low level and this results in an increase in CD4+ cell numbers, so that the immune system can recover, reducing the risk of disease progression.

Lopimune, Kaletra, Aluvia (Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets) work

Lopimune, Kaletra, Aluvia (Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets) contain lopinavir and ritonavir, which are both inhibitors of HIV protease and are only effective against RNA viruses (retroviruses) like Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Retroviruses convert RNA to DNA, by the action of the viral-specific enzyme reverse transcriptase (RT). The viral DNA is then integrated into the DNA of infected immune cells so that the virus can replicate.

Most of the antiviral activity of Lopimune, Kaletra, Aluvia (Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets) is due to lopinavir, which is a potent inhibitor of HIV protease, and prevents cleavage of the Gag-Pol polyprotein, an important protein in the development of active virus. The viral protease enzyme cleaves (breaks down) the Gag-Pol polyprotein during final stages of the replication cycle so that fully active mature virus can be released to infect new cells. Inhibition of protease cleavage by Lopimune, Kaletra, Aluvia (Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets) results in the production of immature, non-infectious viral particles. Ritonavir in Lopimune, Kaletra, Aluvia (Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets) is included in the combination not as a protease inhibitor but because it inhibits the CYP3A-mediated metabolism (breakdown in the liver) of lopinavir, thereby increasing the plasma levels of lopinavir so that lopinavir can be used at a lower dose. Lopimune, Kaletra, Aluvia (Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets) are used in combination with other retrovirals that have a different mechanism of action, like emtricitabine and tenofovir, both nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) that work by blocking the action of RT, inhibiting viral replication. The combined action of lopinavir and ritonavir in Lopimune, Kaletra, Aluvia (Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets), in conjunction with other retroviral drugs, inhibits the production of active HIV so that the viral load (amount of virus) is reduced. Lopimune, Kaletra, Aluvia (Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets) slow down the replication of HIV within your body but does not kill the virus already incorporated in the CD4+ cells or prevent the spread of the infection to others.